Original Item: Only One Available. These are so very rare, and one of a very few examples that we have had in decades. A real pre-1899 Antique Russian Mosin-Nagant M1891 Full Length Rifle, more officially referred to as the "Three Line Infantry Rifle, Model of 1891." This example was never converted to the 91/30 standard, and is still in the original full length. It does have the stock cross bolt for use with the heavier "Spitzer" bullets used, however it still has the original very early issue sling swivels, which were not replaced with the later slots.

The rifle has lots of issue markings, and is marked with serial number No. 31580 over the chamber. The bolt is matching (though probably remarked), and there is also an SA inside a rectangle on the side of the barrel, for Suomi Armeija (Finnish Army). However, the Finnish did not convert this example to their M/91 standard, and is still in the original configuration.

The Russian "Mosin-Nagant" bolt-action rifle is arguably the most-produced rifle in history, with around 37 million being produced in various versions in several different countries. This number easily surpasses the Lee-Enfield, Mauser GEW98 and Mauser K98K in number produced. The reasons for this are multiple, including both the size of Russia and later USSR, as well as the long service life of this design, which is still in use today in some locations.

The history of what is known as the "Mosin-Nagant" rifle begins in the late 19th century in Russia, following the Russo-Ottoman war. During the course of the war, it became apparent that Russian troops needed a modern bolt-action rifle to compete with the rest of the world, so they started evaluations in 1889 on what would become the general issue rifle for infantry troops. Three designs were submitted, and at the time in Russia bullet diameter was measured in "line"s, where one line was 1/10 of an inch. This is what gave rise to the official name of the rifle, the "3-line rifle, Model 1891", as it was in .30cal, or 7.62mm. The name "Mosin-Nagant" is in reality somewhat of a misnomer, as the design chosen was designed by Mosin, not Nagant. However due to legal issues with Nagant over certain design aspects of the rifle, his name was attached to the design as well, leading to the name used in most of the world, the "Mosin-Nagant Model 1891". Three other models would subsequently be put into service prior to WWI: the M1891 Dragoon, the M1891 Cossack, and the M1907 Carbine.

The official designation of this model is 3-линии пехотная винтовка образца 1891–го года which translates to "Three Line Infantry Rifle, Model of 1891". It has the cross bolt to reinforce the stock against recoil, and the flip up rear sight correctly goes up to 3200 арши́ны (arshíny) an archaic measurement used by Russia through the first world war. Roughly equal to 71.12 cm, the ranges on the left side of the sight base have been crossed out with zeroes, and new measurements in meters added in hundreds of meters (12 x 100 arshíny = 8 1/2 x 100m) on the right side.

The barrel displays an Imperial Russian Double Headed Eagle over Cyrillic letters Л К just below the rear sight on the base of the barrel.

The full markings on the barrel are:

(Imperial Eagle)
Л К
ИМПЕРАТОРСКІЙ
ТУЛБСКІЙ
ОРУЖЕЙНБІЙ ЗАВОДЪ
1895 г.

No 31580

These markings indicate original manufacture in 1895 at the "Imperial Tula Arms Factory", one of the most prominent in Russia. Reconstructed in the 19th century Tula Arms Factory became one of the most prominent arms factories in Europe. In 1879 the plant started production of the famous Berdan rifle with an improved bolt. Workshop was organized by a model where created their own models of small arms and hunting weapons. Increased production of various products: single- and double-barrel muzzle-loading shotguns, breech-loading center-fire rifles. Designer Sergei Ivanovich Mosin took part in devising damascus steel technology used in production of barrels. He also designed a bolt-action rifle which was put to testing along with a rifle developed by Émile Nagant. In 1891, as a result of complex tests Mosin's entry was chosen over the Belgian design and it was adopted by the Imperial Russian Army as the three-line rifle of 1891.

The top of the bolt is marked with a very faint "Bow and Arrow" proof of Izhevsk Arsenal, a Czarist marking which was discontinued following the Russian revolution and subsequent civil war. It was however remarked to match the serial number of the barrel with 31580 stamped on top. The nose cap and butt plate also bear the Izhevsk markings. The magazine housing on the other hand is marked with the "Hammer" proof of Tula Arsenal, and the serial number does not match. We checked the bottom rear of the receiver, and it is marked with the "Hammer" with a date of 95, so it is original to the barrel. It was very common for rifles in service for a long time to have parts swapped out like this.

Condition of the rifle is very good, especially considering the age and amount of service it must have seen. The stock is in good condition, with the expected dents, dings, and other damage from long service. It has been refinished, probably several times, and currently has a lovely red brown color to it. There is a bit of wood filler on the right side of the wrist, most likely an arsenal level repair. The metalwork is in good shape, with much of the original bluing present on the barrel and receiver, with the bolt still bright steel. It still retains the original cleaning rod, which is in good shape, still threading properly into the stock.

The rifle cycles well, with a crisp dry fire. The bore shows clear lands and grooves with a partly bright finish, showing rounding on the grooves. There is also fouling and oxidation in the grooves. The 6mm or so of the barrel closest to the muzzle has been counterbored, thought to improve accuracy by removing worn lands at the muzzle.

A wonderful piece of Russian and Firearms history, much as it was when originally made in the late 19th century! Ready to display!

Specifications (Rifle):-

Year of Manufacture: 1895
Caliber:7.62×54mmR Russian
Cartridge Type: Centerfire Cartridge
Barrel Length: 31 1/2 Inches
Overall Length: 51 1/2 Inches
Action type: Bolt Action
Feed System: 5 Round Internal